Cross-sectional Study on Ruminant Tuberculosis in the Province of Bouira, Algeria

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Veterinary Institute, Saad Dahlab University

2 Saad Dahlab University, 09000, Blida, ALGERIA

3 Institut of veterinary sciences, Tiaret university-Algeria.

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease. In Algeria, it is recognized as endemic in ruminants. A prospective study was conducted in two slaughterhouses in the province of Bouira, Algeria from June to September, 2019 to estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle and sheep, as well as the associated risk factors. A total of 2623 ruminant carcasses (1059 cattle and 1564 sheep) were inspected. The apparent prevalence of the disease based on the visible lesions in ruminants was 35/2623 (1.33%), representing 26/1059 (2.45%) and 09/1564 (0.57%) from cattle and sheep respectively. A significant difference between the two slaughterhouses was P< 0001.Crossbreed (57.69%) are the most affected by the disease. In the current study, males (100%) were the only ones affected by tuberculosis lesions, while cattle (1 year > -2 years) (69.23%) were the most affected. A microscopic examination of 26 samples revealed that 3(11.54%) harbored acid-fast-bacilli (AFB). The culture test revealed that a total of 12(46.15%) tubes were positive and 14(53.85%) were negative. A significant difference in tubercular lesions was observed between sheep breeds with the local breed was the most affected (66.67%), P<0.0001. Females were more affected (55.56%) than males (44.44%); (P = 0.1610). the cull sheep were the most affected by TB lesions (44.44%). Microscopy examination was negative in sheep lesions and the culture has shown that only 1/9 (11.11%) was positive while 8/9 (88.88%) were negative. Granulomatous inflammation has been observed in most tuberculous lesions. Finally, additional studies are necessary in order to know the real situation of tuberculosis in Algeria.

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