Beni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Evaluation of the antioxidant protective effect of oxytocin and silymarin against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat177765310.21608/jvmr.2011.77653ENGhada,M. SafwatDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptAbeer,M. RadiDepartment of Pharmacology
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptJournal Article20200316Gentamicin is an effective aminoglycoside antibiotic against severe infections. In spite of inducing nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage, gentamicin is used clinically due to its wide spectrum of activities against Gram negative bacterial infections. Its nephrotoxicity occurs by selective accumulation in renal proximal convoluting tubules. Its nephrotoxicity involves renal free radical generation and reduction in antioxidant defense mechanisms. A potential therapeutic approach to protect or reverse gentamicin-induced oxidative stressand nephrotoxicity would have more importance for clinical consequences. Therefore, thepresent study was designed to investigate the possible antioxidant protective effects of oxytocin and silymarin against gentamicin-induced renal damage in rats. A total of 40 adult male albino rats were divided into four groups. The first group is the control group that received normal saline (1ml/kg/i.p/day for 8 consecutive days), the second group was treated withgentamicin(80mg/kg/i.p/day for 8 days), the third group was treated with gentamicin (80mg/kg/i.p/day for 8 days) and oxytocin (5 I.U/kg/i.p/day for 8 days) and the fourth group was treated with gentamicin (80mg/kg/i.p/day for 8 days) and salymarin in a dose of (50 mg/kg orally/day for 8 days). Some biochemical and histopathological examinations of kidneys were performed after treatment for evaluation of the oxidative stress and renal nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin treatment significantly increased serum urea and creatinine levels and AST activities. Also gentamicin significantly decreased the total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in renal tissues. Renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) has a non significant increase, while renal reduced glutathione (GSH) wasn't changed. Study of renal morphology showed degenerative changes in the form of cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration and glomerular necrosis in gentamicin group. Administration of oxytocin and silymarin with gentamicin ameliorated to some degree the biochemical changes and oxidative stress parameters against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. It was concluded that treatments with these antioxidants could have beneficial effects in treatment of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity.https://jvmr.journals.ekb.eg/article_77653_e5aa8444038d36cb62621b76fe89c141.pdfBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Trials for isolation of reticuloendotheliosis virus from commercial chicken flocks for using the isolates in the detection of extraneous virus contamination in live vaccines8147765510.21608/jvmr.2011.77655ENBadawiA. A.The Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics. Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.SalamaS. S.The Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics. Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.ElhamA. ElibiaryThe Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics. Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200316In an attempt to isolate reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) from field cases, plasma of<br />commercial broiler chickens-suspect to have virus infection-were examined. Samples were inoculated in chicken embryo fibroblasts and after proper incubation infected cultures were assayed for REV-antigen by ELISA, immuno-peroxidase (IP) plaque assay, and PCR.Specificity of ELISA and IP was evaluated by comparing their results with that obtained by PCR. REV could be isolated and virus antigen was detected in cell cultures by all three techniques. Results showed that PCR and ELISA are more specific than IP in detection of REV-antigen. However, the sensitivity of ELISA was affected by the criterion used for determination of the cut-off point. Further studies are needed for full characterization of the isolated virus by using reference antiserum or strain specific primers for PCR.https://jvmr.journals.ekb.eg/article_77655_c00c8d08b991a21ff96da85267ebbf79.pdfBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Effects of chromium piclonate and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, blood constituents and picture of growing kids under the summer conditions15217765610.21608/jvmr.2011.77656ENU. M.Abd El-MonemDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig UniversityM. A.KandeilDepartment of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptJournal Article20200316The present work was performed to study the effect of chromium piclonate and ⁄ or ascorbic acid supplementation on the performance of growing kids during hot summer season (33.6oC and 74.2% RH). A total number of twenty four weaned commercial kids were randomly distributed into four treatment groups of 6 kids per each Kids in all treatments were equal in number and had nearly similar initial body weight. The first group was fed the basal diet and served as control (0.0 supplementation), while the other three groups were fed diets supplemented with 75 mg/kg diet chromium piclonate, 800 mg/ kg diet ascorbic acid and 75 mg / kg diet chromium piclonate + 800 mg ascorbic acid, respectively. The results obtained for growing Kids showed that the final live body weight and daily body gain were increased significantly (P < 0.05 or 0.01) during 210 and 270 days<br />for Kids fed diets supplemented with chromium piclonate, ascorbic acid and chromium piclonate + ascorbic acid. However, the supplementation of chromium piclonate + ascorbic acid seemed to be the best significant performance. The results obtained for growing Kids showed that the daily feed intake, feed conversion, water ⁄ feed intake ratio, water ⁄ daily gain ratio were increased significantly (P < 0.05 or 0.01) during the experimental periods for Kids fed diets supplemented with chromium piclonate, ascorbic acid and chromium piclonate + ascorbic acid. The Results showed that water intake, rectum temperature and respiration rate were not significantly affected by previous treatments. The best margin was obtained in group fed on the diet supplemented with chromium piclonate + ascorbic acid. All carcass traits were increased insignificantly due to dietary chromium piclonate and ⁄or ascorbic acid supplementation. Serum total proteins were increased significantly (P < 0.05), in group three only while the cholesterol level and triglycerides decreased significantly (P<0.05) in Kids treated with chromium piclonate as compared with the control group under summer heat stress conditions. Serum albumin, globulin, urea-, creatinine, AST, WBCs, RBCs MCV, MCH and Hb content were insignificantly affected by chromium piclonate and ⁄or ascorbic acid supplementation to the kids’ diets. Finally, it could be concluded that supplementation of 75 mg chromium piclonate + 800 mg ascorbic acid / kg diet to the kid diets is necessary to improve the productivity, under the summer conditionshttps://jvmr.journals.ekb.eg/article_77656_d633901ed4cf5bf5e00120649cc47ef7.pdfBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301The effect of topic application of Curcumin extract on the healing of skin burns in rat: A Preliminary study127765810.21608/jvmr.2011.77658ENK.AliFaculty of Pharmacy Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptM.HettaFaculty of Pharmacy Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptSalahDeebFaculty of Pharmacy Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptJournal Article20200317In a preliminary work, the effect of curcumin extract in enhancement of wound healing inrats was evaluated. The animals were treated with extract from curcumin after inducing a deepsecond burn by exposure to hot brass ring. Microscopical examination of specimens taken from the site of burn revealed a slight difference between treated and untreated animals at various stages. At the site of burn, an external layer of coagulated fibrin was formed directly after heat exposure and remained to the third week. Clotted fibrin was admixed with parakeratotic necrotic epidermal layer, which lie above a layer of coagulative necrosis. This was bounded by a layer of infiltrating inflammatory cells (neutrophils and lymphocytes); blood vessels in the area appeared congested. The innermost layer consisted of granulation tissue formed of proliferating fibroblasts and fibrocytes. These changes did not differ much in treated animals, and there was no enhanced regeneration probably because scab formed prevented the contact to healthy skin tissue.Beni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Studies on pathogenicity of Aeromonas species to native breed (Fayoumi) chickens27327765910.21608/jvmr.2011.77659ENZeinabM. S. Amin GirhDepartment of Poultry Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, GizaK. M.El-BayoumiDepartment of Poultry Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, GizaEman.R. HassanDepartment of Poultry Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, GizaK. M.MahgoobDepartment of Poultry Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, GizaJournal Article20200317The pathogenic effect of representative local isolates of Aeromonas organisms was studied on 1٠0 native breed chickens. At 2 weeks of age, one hundred chicks were grouped into four equal groups (1-4); 25 birds each; after collection of fecal from all groups, examined and proved to be free from Aeromonas species. All groups were subcutaneously (s.c) inoculated with 0.5 ml containing 9×105 cfu /bird. Group 1 of chickens was infected by A. hydrophila; while group 2 was infected with A. caviae. The third group was infected with A. sobria; while, chicks of Group 4 were kept as non infected control. Results were showed mild clinical signs in some birds in the<br />form of alternative diarrhea. Post mortem lesions showed general congestion of all carcasses. In severely emaciated cases the lesions were confined to the intestine, which filled with watery fluid and distended with gas. Results of Aeromonas reisolation revealed that all collected weekly fecal swabs were positive. While, percentage of A. hydrophila and A. caviae was 100% out of all tested<br />organs, while isolation of A. sobria was 100%, 100% and 80% from liver, intestine and heart; respectively. Histopathological examination of infected chicken organs showing focal coaggulative necrosis in liver with mononuclear cells infiltration that varied in severity between groups as less severe in A. hydrophila (Gr.1) than A. caviae (Gr. 2), while A. sobria (Gr. 3) was markedly affected showing severe degenerated and dissociated hepatocytes. Intestinal changes were severe in group 3 than 2 while group 1 showing the mildest comparatively the changes was consist of necrosed mucosa, gland with leucocytic infiltration in lamina propria. Under the<br />condition of our study we can conclude that the used Aeromonas isolates from field diseased chickens were of mild pathogenicity to s.c. inoculated 12 days old Fayoumi chicks with long course affection.https://jvmr.journals.ekb.eg/article_77659_35ed9f7aa690906b44850a8892a806ea.pdfBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Field study on immune response and performance of commercial broiler chickens with maternal immunity to live Newcastle and infectious bronchitis disease vaccines127766010.21608/jvmr.2011.77660ENG. A. M.ZohairFaculty of Agriculture, Sana`a University, Republic of YemenJournal Article20200317In this study, 8000 Hubbard broiler chicks having maternal antibodies to Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis disease (IB) were reared on deep litter in a poultry farm. The chicks were received Gumbopest (IBD + Newcastle Inactivated vaccines) and Avinew (ND live vaccine –VG/GA strain) with Bioral H120 strain (IB live vaccine) via spray and drinking water to investigate its immunogenicity and its effect on broiler performance. Neither IB nor ND related clinical signs or mortalities or lesions were observed after vaccination till the end of the breeding period (7 weeks). The result of serological response to ND vaccines showed that the maternal antibody titer to NDV in 1day old chicks was 10655.5 ± 3420.9 and weaned 3516 ± 3784.4 at 2 weeks. At the 3rd and 4th weeks after vaccination ND ELISA titres were increased to 1181.5 ± 1126.4 and 2326 ± 2.117 ; respectively. On the<br />other hand the maternal antibody titer to IB Vaccine in the used day old chicks was 8271.5 ± 10642.7; this titer waned to reach 9142.5 ± 4323.2 at 1 week of age and 92 ± 130.11 at 2 weeks after vaccination. At the 3rd and 4th weeks after vaccination IB ELISA titres were reached to 0 ± 0 and 2657 ± 3757.6 respectively. This result revealed that the used live ND and IBV vaccines were able to induce antibody levels in chickens with maternal ND and IBV antibodies. The best weekly feed conversion rate (FCR) was recorded at the 4th week (1.31) and the 6th (1.71) with total FCR of 1.89. Mortality rate in the susceptible age (2-6 week) was the lowest (0.4-.73%) with total mortality of 3.27 at the end of the 7th<br />week. These findings pointed out that live ND Avinew vaccine and live IB Bioral H120 vaccine were safe, immunogenic to maternally immune chicks and has no dverse effect on performanceBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Bacterial contamination of fertile eggs as a possible cause of late embryo and early chick mortality127766110.21608/jvmr.2011.77661ENG. A. M.ZohairFaculty of Agriculture, Sana`a University, Republic of Yemen.Journal Article20200317The aim of the present study was to analyze the possible bacterial contamination of fertile egg to establish the etiology of late embryo mortalities as well as its role in early chick mortalities due to yolk sac infection (YSI) named mushy chick disease. Many embryos die before hatching, particularly late in incubation, some chicks die at or shortly after hatching and in mostly up to 3 week. Forty fresh laid fertile eggs, forty infertile 19 to 21 day, forty piped dead in shell eggs were<br />taken, as well as liver and yolk sac samples from 60 dead chicks with signs and lesions of YSI at 1 to 14 days of age were cultured. One hundred and fifty three isolates were obtained from all samples. E. coli was the most common bacterium recovered from all samples. Other bacteria like K. pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacter freundii, C. jejuni, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and Streptococcus spp were isolated from the examined samples. Fertile egg contamination at breeder<br />farm level was the minimal (13 isolates) followed by hatchery (30 and 49 isolates at the 19th and 21st days respectively) while 61 isolates were identified in dead chicks at 1-14 days-old. The rate of E. coli isolation (total 102 isolate) was increased with the time 5, 22, 33 and 42 out of fertile egg, at 19 and 21 days the hatchery and dead chicks; respectively; followed by S. aureus (17 isolates) and K. pneumonia (10 isolates) were obtained. Also, isolation of E. coli from egg shell in high rate from fertile and hatchery eggs indicates bad hygienic measures. This study pointed out<br />that the main etiologic agent of embryo mortality and YSI is E. coli in relation to other bacterial isolates that will be explored in the next study. Therefore, strict biosecurity measures must be adopted for hatching eggs, hatcheries and chicken farms with attention to use suitable effective disinfectantsBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Effect of melatonin in culture medium on in vitro maturation and DNA integrity of bovine oocytes44507766210.21608/jvmr.2011.77662ENSaadiaA. AliFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef UniversityNermeenA. HelmyFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef UniversityB. R.Abdel-HalimFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef UniversityJournal Article20200317The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of two melatonin concentrationson in vitro maturation and DNA integrity of bovine oocytes by using comet assay. Ovariesfrom cows (4-8 years old) were collected from abattoir in Beni-Suef Province, Egypt andtransported to the laboratory within one hour from the slaughter. Oocytes were recoveredby slicing technique and matured in tissue culture medium 199 (TCM-199) supplementedwith 50 3g / ml gentamycin sulfate, 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 5 3l / ml L-glutamine, 0.2i.u Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH), 2.0 i.u Human Chorionic Gonadotrphin (HCG)and 1.0 3g Estradiole (E2) / ml without or with melatonin (10 or 100 3M / ml). Following 24hours, the maturation rate was determined according to cumulus mass expansion.Moreover, oocyte DNA was evaluated by comet assay. Supplying in vitro maturation<br />medium with 103M melatonin significantly increased maturation rate as compared withcontrol. On the other side, 100 3M melatonin in maturation medium had no significanteffect on in vitro maturation rate. In addition, results of the comet assay showed that bothmelatonin concentrations had no effect on in vitro matured oocyte DNA as compared tocontrol group. In the current study, it was concluded that supplying in vitro maturation medium with 103M melatonin significantly increased maturation rate while additional increase in melatonin concentration was of no significance. Moreover, melatonin had no effect on in vitro matured oocyte DNA.Beni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Dioxin Residues in Beef Carcasses in Beni-Suef City, Egypt51587766310.21608/jvmr.2011.77663ENF. A.KhalafallaDepartment of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptFatmaH. M. AliDepartment of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptF.SchwägeleMax
Rubner Institute, Federal Center of Nutrition and Food, Kulmbach, GermanyMariemA. Abdel-WahabDepartment of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, EgyptJournal Article20200317A total of 100 fat samples were collected from slaughtered cattle at Beni-Suef slaughter house. Animals were randomly selected from the slaughter line. The age of the slaughtered cattle was normally less than three years (18-30 months). Samples were separately packed in plastic bags, identified and stored at -18°C until analysis. The analysis was conducted at Max Rubbner Institute, Kulmbach, Germany for PCDDs, PCDFs and dl-PCBs. The average concentration sum for PCDD calculated as upper bound pg WHO-TEQ/g was 1.71 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat. While the<br />average concentration sum for PCDFs was 4.93 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat. The average concentration sum of dl PCBs including non-ortho and mono-ortho PCBs was 5.091 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat. The total TEQ value for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs was 11.74 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat. The residual levels of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in the examined beef fat samples were higher than the proposed maximum permitted levels set by the European Commission (2006).https://jvmr.journals.ekb.eg/article_77663_af85bfc454318c48d1e89afd1b3d1b70.pdfBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)59667766410.21608/jvmr.2011.77664ENM.M.A.HusseinFish Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef UniversityW. H.HassanBacteriology, Mycology, and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University.Journal Article20200317A study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of fosfomycin in controlling streptococcosis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fosfomycin against multiple S. iniae isolates showed a sensitivity range of 12.5- 25 'g/mL. The fosfomycin dose levels tested were 40, 60, and 80 mg of active ingredient per kilogram fish per day. Administration<br />of medicated feed started one day after infection by immersion exposure to S. iniae and continued for eight days. Survival rates of fosfomycin treated groups were 90, 100 and 96.6% with an average survival of 95. 53 %. On contrary, survival rates of infected non treated groups were 3.3%. All survivors and negative control groups showed no clinical signs, no gross pathology together with negative S. iniae re-isolation.https://jvmr.journals.ekb.eg/article_77664_a009d8e92f4c8e4b745f533292dea3ca.pdfBeni-Suef University; Faculty of Veterinary MedicineJournal of Veterinary Medical Research2357-051221120110301Staphylococcus aureus protein "A" as a rapid and sensitive test in comparative with other serological tests for detection of Rift Valley Fever antibodies in vaccinated camels457766510.21608/jvmr.2011.77665ENM.A.M.SaadAnimal Reproduction Research Institute, Al-Haram, GizaHala,A. SalemAnimal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza.A. A.IbrahimVeterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbassia, Cairo.Journal Article20200317Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a viral zoonotic disease transmitted by mosquitoes leading to abortion and death mainly in livestock. The present study evolved serum samples obtained from 100 RFV vaccinated as well as 10 non vaccinated camels tested for RVF antibodies using different serological techniques. Freshly prepared Staphylococcus aureus protein "A" (SPA) was used as a rapid, sensitive, specific and cheap screening test which did not need specific or expensive equipment. Also uses of SPA-ELISA test without need antispecies conjugate, SNT and AGPT. Inactivated RVF virus was used in all serological tests except SNT. The results showed that Staphylococcus aureus Protein Acoagglutination test (SPA-COAT) was 78%, SPA-ELISA 82%, SNT 75% and AGPT 30%. The degree of positive samples with (++++) and (+++) of SPA-COAT were also positive in SPA-ELISA and SNT, but samples with (++++) SPA-COAT were only positive in AGPT. We could recommend the use of SPA-COAT, as a universal technique, in wide range of veterinary medicine as an effective and economic method which acts a non species specific for serological screening field test as well as a laboratory test