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instillation of HB1 vaccine. While, at the 9th day birds of the groups 1-3 and 5 were given H5N1 vaccine by S.C injection, birds of group 4 were lifted as non AI vaccinated control. The used immune stimulants under test were given to groups 1, 2, and 3 as follows Lector, Superimmune and Imuvral; respectively. All the groups were subjected to daily observation with recording of feed intake, weekly body weight gain and total FCR, Weekly serum samples were collected, for serological examination, and the results showed high antibody titers, low mortality rates and better body performance in the groups treated with immunostimulants than the other groups which were not treated with the immunostimulants]]>
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p. 186−193
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p. 194−204
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p. 205−210
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p. 211−221
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p. 222−234
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The ability of L. monocytogenes as an opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals, to survive and grow under various adverse environmental conditions, makes it a potential health hazard after the consumption of contaminated dairy products, it often implicated in several outbreaks of listeriosis. This study was conducted to investigate the survival of L. monocytogenes strain (NCTC13372) when inoculated with a population level of 6.95 log cfu/g and 7.64 log cfu/g and stored at 4ºC for 15 days and 3 months at -18ºC for yoghurt and ice cream respectively. The obtained results indicated that complete inactivation of the tested organism wasn’t achieved till the end of storage periods and the inoculated L. monocytogenes was survived in both yoghurt and ice cream throughout the trial. It is concluded that in the dairy industry, we cannot rely upon either fermentation process and storage at refrigerating temperature or upon storage at freezing temperature during yoghurt and ice cream manufacturing to control L. monocytogenes pathogen in order to provide safe products for consumption.]]>
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II treated with ketamine (10 mg/kg) intramuscularly, and group III injected withpropofol (5 mg/kg) intravenously. The mean anesthetic onset, anesthetic duration,and total recovery period were calculated. The mean heart rate (HR), respiratoryrate (RR), rectal temperature (RT) and biochemical parameters also were recorded.Satisfactory anesthesia and immobilization (smooth induction, and smoothrecovery) needed for surgical interventions of short duration were achieved in allgroups. The induction was good and smooth in groups I and III. The quality ofrecovery was good in groups III and I and recovery is longer in group II. Inconclusion, this study indicates that the 3 regimens are associated with acceptableanesthetic characteristics; Propofol IV is superior to ketamine because it providesuneventful onset and recovery which are more rapid than ketamine IV or ketamineIM, so reduces anaesthetic risk while administration of ketamine intravenously issuperior to its administration intramuscularly.]]>
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p. 257−265
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The current study was conducted to investigate the incidence of metritis and endometritis indairy cows. Moreover, to determine the collective impact of metritis and endometritis in dairyfarms on reproductive performance and milk yield. A total number of 246 Holstein cowsdivided into three groups was included in the current study.One of these groups as controlgroup and the second and the third groups were including those cows diagnosed with acutepostpartum metritis and chronic endometritis, respectively. The obtained results showed thatendometritis possessed severe negative effects on postpartum reproductive performance of thestudied cows compared to normal cows. Moreover, the impact of this disease was higher inpremiparous cows in comparison with com their pleuriparous herd-mates. Days to first estrustended (P=0.06) to be increased in premiparous cows suffering from endometritis (89.19±12.12days) compared to normal cows (59.45±3.30 days) or those suffering from acute metritis(65.37±4.92 days). While in pleuriparous cows, the negative effects of endometritis did notshow any tendency for prolonged days to first estrus, when compared to normal cows.Endometritis had significantly (P<0.01) negative impacts on postpartum cyclicity inpremiparous cows (89.19±12.12 days), compared to 56.32±3.15 days in pleuriparous cows.Endometritis, significantly negatively (P<0.05) impacted days to first AI in both premiparouscows (105.63±12.95 days, compared to 65.97±2.63 days for normal cows and pleuriparouscows (76.19±3.64 days). A nearly similar trend was observed for endometritis and metritisregarding their potential negative impacts on number of inseminations per conception in bothpremiparous and pleuriparous cows. Regarding to, days open, diseases like endometritis wasassociated with significantly (P<0.01) higher days open in both premiparous and pleuriparouscows. Meanwhile, advancing parity was associated with significantly (P<0.05) higher daysopen for cows suffering from endometritis only.]]>
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A total of 30 dairy cows were attended in veterinary practice investigations havebeen done under Egyptian conditions, in Seds farm belong to animal productionresearch institute , from the reproductive perspective . the study divided theanimals according to parities to - one parity , two parity , three parity and morethan three parity .The study followed values of some biochemical parametersglucose , calcium , phosphorus ,potassium, sodium ,cholesterol, triglyceride ,albumin ,total protein and urea. showed that cows affected by hypocalcaemia Themost important notifeibal results in postpartum 1-7 days the calcium level of cowswith parity one calcium level were 7.06 gm /dl while in cows with parity two were6.64 gm/dl, in cows with three parity 6.6 gm /dl and cows more than three paritycalcium level were 6.91 gm/dl. 14-21 days post partum .4 cows with parity onecalcium level were 7.46 gm /dl, first parity cows has along interval from calving toestrus ,days open and number of services .cows with parity two has along period tocome in first estrus at 86 ±5.6 s days and long days open which were 106±4.7days. But NO. of services were high in cows with more than three parity 1.9±0.16]]>
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(CL regression), while it remained constant or slightly increased in case of pregnant animals. Moreover the uterine blood flow markedly increased in case of non-mated group during the same period.]]>
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A total of 220 random meat samples of different animal species were collected from 50 carcasses consisting 10 carcasses from each of beef, buffalo, camel, sheep and goat, as well20 frozen beef samples. Each carcass represented by four cut samples from neck, shoulder, abdomen and thigh. All samples were collected from random retail and butchers’ shops ofBeni-Suef governorate to assess their microbiological status and compare the levels of contamination among animal species and carcass cuts. This study showed and compared the means of counts (CFU/g) of total aerobicbacteria (mesophilic count and psychrophilic count), coliforms,fecal coliforms,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcusaureus in each of beef, buffalo, camel, sheep and goat carcasses and imported frozen beef as well. Beside the incidence of E.coli, Salmonellaspp, and coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus. The obtained results clarified that the examined beef, buffalo and mutton samples were more contaminated than those of other kinds of meat. The results were discussed from the hygienic point of view and compared with the national and international standards to assess their reliability for consumption.]]>
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The objectives of the present study were to validate ultra-sonographic examination (US) as a reliable diagnostic tool for endometritis, as well as to determine the effects of intrauterine infusion (IU) of benzathine cephapirin plus systemic PGF2α as a treatment protocol of endometritis in dairy cows. 260 Holstein cows were included in this study. The affected cows were examined rectally and US. The cows were divided according to the diagnostic method and treatment protocol into 3 groups. Group1: rectally diagnosed and received systemic PGF2α. Group2: diagnosed rectally and received IU benzathine cephapirin plus systemic PGF2α. Group3: diagnosed US and received IU benzathine cephapirin plus systemic PGF2α. Good reproductive indices were recorded for cows examined US and treated with combination of IU benzathine cephapirin plus systemic PGF2α. A highly significant positive correlations were observed between days in milking (DIM) and most of tested reproductive indices. Meanwhile, Daily milk yield was negatively correlated with all tested reproductive parameters. In conclusion, transrectal US could be used as a reliable method for early diagnosis of endometritis. In addition, using a combination of IU application of benzathine cephapirin plus systemic PGF2α was superior treatment protocol in endometritis in comparison with PGF2α.]]>
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